This is a state by state inventory of the building related codes that are being used.
http://www.reedconstructiondata.com/building-codes/
Not sure this is really helpful or just scary! :o - You could spend the rest of your days reading code books and never know them all or actually ever build anything.
It's actually easier than it used to be when I travelled alot. Nationally we had 3 major model codes with year, state or local variation. The easy way was to exceed code ...which are typically minimums. We now for residential have one model code with year and state or local variation. I try to look forward to what is coming over the horizon and build to that standard... at least structurally. For instance, in most places if you build to '09 IRC you are going to be fine. We are on '06 here and I am studying '09, we will probably adopt it in my state in '11 or '12.
That list is also available on the ICC website, the horse's mouth ;).